解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

ニトログリセリンの副作用で最もよくみられるのはどれですか？

1. A便秘
2. B頭痛
3. C乾性咳嗽
4. D足首の腫れ

COPDの患者に口すぼめ呼吸を指導するのはなぜですか？

1. A吸気の間、横隔膜を強くするから
2. B日中の咳き込みたい衝動を減らすから
3. C呼気の間、細い気道を開いたままにするから
4. D吸い込む空気の酸素含有量を増やすから

Which precautions are needed for a patient with suspected infectious pulmonary tuberculosis?

1. AContact precautions with gloves only
2. BAirborne precautions with a respirator mask
3. CProtective isolation for the patient's own sake
4. DStandard precautions only

A patient stops ramipril because of a troublesome dry cough. Which drug class is a common alternative?

1. AA nitrate such as isosorbide mononitrate
2. BAn angiotensin II receptor blocker such as losartan
3. CA loop diuretic such as furosemide
4. DA non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol

A patient on furosemide has a serum potassium of 3.0 mmol/L (3.0 mEq/L). Which symptoms may this cause?

1. AFacial flushing, fever and a skin rash
2. BMuscle weakness, cramps and an irregular pulse
3. CTingling around the lips and painful spasm of the hands
4. DSevere headache and a stiff neck

心不全の患者が、ACE阻害薬に加えてスピロノラクトンを開始しました。どの血液検査結果を注意深くモニタリングする必要がありますか？

1. Aヘモグロビン（どちらの薬も出血を起こしうるから）
2. Bカルシウム（どちらの薬も低下させうるから）
3. Cカリウム（どちらの薬も上昇させうるから）
4. Dグルコース（どちらの薬も低血糖を起こしうるから）

An older patient with three rib fractures is breathing shallowly and refuses to cough because of pain. What is the priority intervention?

1. AKeep the patient flat and still in bed until the pain settles
2. BWithhold analgesia to avoid depressing breathing
3. CStrap the chest tightly with bandages to stop the ribs moving
4. DEffective analgesia so they can breathe deeply and cough

As the defibrillator charges, a nurse sees a colleague still holding the patient's bed rail. What should the nurse do?

1. ATurn off the defibrillator and start a new cycle of CPR
2. BDeliver the shock now, as the bed rail is not part of the patient
3. CAsk the colleague to hold the patient's hand instead
4. DCall clearly for everyone to stand clear and check before the shock