解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae?

1. AThe right ventricle
2. BThe left atrium
3. CThe right atrium
4. DThe left ventricle

抗凝固薬を服用している患者に、どの助言をすべきですか？

1. Aどんな痛みでも、パラセタモールではなくイブプロフェンを飲む
2. B今後、緑の野菜はすべて避ける
3. C小さなあざができたら服用を1回飛ばす
4. Dやわらかい歯ブラシを使い、普段と違う出血は報告する

What is the main role of the delay at the atrioventricular (AV) node?

1. AIt speeds the impulse to the ventricles so they beat sooner
2. BIt gives the ventricles time to fill before they contract
3. CIt starts each heartbeat by firing faster than the SA node
4. DIt closes the aortic valve

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-blocker, for hypertension. Which advice is most important?

1. AAvoid all potassium-containing foods
2. BTake the first dose at bedtime, as dizziness and fainting can occur
3. CStop it suddenly if the heart rate rises after the first few doses
4. DTake it with a large glass of grapefruit juice to improve absorption

高血圧の患者がアムロジピンを服用しています。看護師が最も観察しやすい副作用はどれですか？

1. A喘鳴
2. B足首の腫れ
3. C高カリウム血症
4. D乾いた、むずむずする咳

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
2. BIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
3. CIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
4. DIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all

COPDの患者が28%のベンチュリーマスク（SpO₂ 90%）を使っており、食事をとりたいと望んでいます。最も適切な計画はどれですか？

1. A食事の間はすべての酸素を外し、後で戻す
2. BSpO₂を88～92%に保ちながら、低流量の鼻カニューラに切り替える
3. C食事の間は、15 L/分の非再呼吸式マスクに変更する
4. Dベンチュリーマスクを着けたまま、ストローで液体だけを与える

A patient has been on continuous NIV via a full-face mask for two days. Which nursing measure helps prevent the most common complication?

1. ARemove the mask for an hour each time the alarm sounds
2. BCheck mask fit and protect the bridge of the nose
3. CTighten the straps as far as they will go to stop any leak
4. DUse the same mask size for every patient