解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

ヘパリンやアピキサバンなどの抗凝固薬の主な役割は何ですか？

1. A新しい血栓を予防し、既存の血栓が大きくなるのを止めること
2. B既存の血栓を数分で完全に溶かすこと
3. C血小板どうしがくっつくのを止めること
4. D手術や出血の後に血小板数を増やすこと

心不全の患者の体重は、毎日いつ測るのが最もよいですか？

1. A週に1回、その日に空いている病棟の体重計で
2. B毎晩、主な食事の後、同じ日中の服装で
3. C毎朝、排尿後、朝食前に、同じ体重計で
4. D息苦しさが増したと患者が訴えたときはいつでも

What is the "calf muscle pump"?

1. ACalf muscles squeezing the deep veins to push blood towards the heart
2. BA heart valve that pumps blood into the legs
3. CA device that inflates around the calf during surgery to warm the leg
4. DThe artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the muscles of the calf

A 34-year-old has hypertension that is hard to control and a low serum potassium without taking diuretics. Which cause should be considered?

1. AIron-deficiency anaemia
2. BHypothyroidism
3. CPrimary hyperaldosteronism
4. DEssential hypertension of ageing

Which energy-conservation advice is most useful for a patient with severe COPD?

1. AAvoid any activity at all, staying in a chair to save their energy
2. BSit down for tasks such as washing and dressing, and pace activities
3. CDo all the household tasks quickly in the morning to get them done
4. DHold the breath while lifting heavy objects

Which ECG change is classically linked with hyperkalaemia?

1. ATall, peaked T waves
2. BA sawtooth baseline
3. CDelta waves before the QRS
4. DProminent U waves

心房細動でアピキサバンを服用している患者が、待機手術の予定になっています。正しい実践を反映した記述はどれですか？

1. A出血リスクと腎機能に基づいて、一定期間休薬する
2. B手術の2週間前に中止し、ワルファリンに置き換える
3. C中止し、ビタミンKの経口投与で拮抗する
4. D手術当日の朝まで必ず続ける

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin
2. BDouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster
3. CAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach
4. DWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests