解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Rust-coloured sputum is classically linked with which infection?

1. APneumococcal pneumonia
2. BOral thrush
3. CA viral common cold
4. DAllergic rhinitis

Which of these is one of the reversible causes of cardiac arrest known as the "4 Hs"?

1. AHypoxia
2. BHypertension
3. CHyperventilation
4. DHyperglycaemia

Which muscle does most of the work of quiet breathing?

1. AThe abdominal muscles
2. BThe sternocleidomastoid
3. CThe diaphragm
4. DThe trapezius

A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?

1. AStable exertional angina from a fixed plaque
2. BVasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
3. CAcute pericarditis
4. DAortic stenosis

Suspected pulmonary TB is being investigated. How are sputum samples usually collected?

1. AA single sample after the first week of treatment
2. BA swab from the nose only
3. COne sample of saliva collected at any time of the day
4. DSeveral samples, ideally including early-morning sputum

A patient with COPD uses an inhaled corticosteroid combination inhaler. Which risk should the nurse be aware of?

1. AA sharp drop in potassium after each dose
2. BAn increased risk of pneumonia
3. CHearing loss after every dose
4. DAn increased risk of high blood pressure crises

患者の胸腔ドレーンが、誤って引き抜かれました。直ちにすべきことは何ですか？

1. Aドレーンを胸部に押し戻し、テープで固定する
2. B肺を広げるため、患者に強く咳をするよう頼む
3. C滅菌の閉鎖性ドレッシングで部位を密閉し、応援を呼ぶ
4. D閉じ込められた空気が逃げるよう、穴を覆わないでおく

A one-way speaking valve is fitted to a patient's tracheostomy tube while the cuff is still inflated. What is the danger?

1. AThe valve will humidify the air too much
2. BThe patient will speak too loudly
3. CThere is no danger, as the valve works with any cuff
4. DThe patient cannot breathe out and may suffocate