解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

細菌性肺炎に典型的な所見の組み合わせはどれですか？

1. A樽状胸郭と、何年も続く息切れ
2. B発熱、湿性咳嗽、一領域のラ音
3. C発作時用の吸入薬で数分のうちに完全に消える喘鳴
4. D肺は清明で発熱のない突然の胸痛

ニトログリセリンの副作用で最もよくみられるのはどれですか？

1. A乾性咳嗽
2. B足首の腫れ
3. C頭痛
4. D便秘

Which group of symptoms is typical of pulmonary tuberculosis?

1. ASudden wheeze, itching and a raised skin rash
2. BCalf pain, leg swelling and redness
3. CLong-lasting cough, night sweats and weight loss
4. DSharp chest pain only when lying flat on the back

After coronary artery bypass surgery through a median sternotomy, which instruction is usually given for the first several weeks?

1. AAvoid heavy lifting and pushing up with the arms
2. BLift the arms above the head often to stretch the chest
3. CSleep only on the stomach to protect the wound
4. DAvoid walking until the stitches are removed

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. ALow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
2. BPotassium has no link with either medicine
3. CLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
4. DHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide

After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?

1. AKeeping a pillow under the stump at all times, day and night
2. BLying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump
3. CSitting in a chair for most of the day with the hips bent
4. DKeeping the hip bent to reduce stump swelling

A ventilated patient with severe ARDS is to be turned prone. What is the main reason, and the key nursing risk?

1. AIt improves digestion and gut motility; the main risk is constipation
2. BIt treats infection; the risk is fever
3. CIt improves oxygenation; risks are pressure injury and tube displacement
4. DIt lowers the blood pressure; the main risk is rebound hypertension

高血圧が分かっている患者の血圧が186/112 mmHgですが、症状も臓器障害の徴候もありません。最も適切な対応はどれですか？

1. A心停止チームを呼び、挿管の準備をする
2. B15分以内に120/80 mmHgに到達させる静注の降圧薬をボーラス投与する
3. C再測定して報告し、数時間から数日かけた経口治療を見込む
4. D患者が元気で症状もないので、何もしない