1.やさしい
Which valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
- AThe tricuspid valve
- BThe mitral valve
- CThe pulmonary valve
- DThe aortic valve
2.やさしい
How is most oxygen carried in the blood?
- ABound to haemoglobin in red blood cells
- BDissolved freely in the plasma water
- CCarried as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
- DBound to albumin and other plasma proteins
3.やさしい
What does a "reliever" inhaler do in asthma?
- AIt thins the mucus over several days
- BIt kills bacteria in the airways
- CIt relaxes the airway muscles quickly to ease symptoms
- DIt reduces the airway inflammation steadily over several weeks
4.ふつう
Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?
- ADistributive shock
- BHypovolaemic shock
- CObstructive shock
- DCardiogenic shock
5.ふつう
Why is pyridoxine (vitamin B6) often given with isoniazid?
- ATo prevent loss of colour vision
- BTo prevent peripheral neuropathy
- CTo prevent orange discolouration of urine
- DTo prevent gout attacks
6.ふつう
What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
- AA blocked pulmonary artery
- BA leaking aortic valve
- CA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
- DA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
7.むずかしい
Three days after an MI, a patient faints on the commode while straining hard to open the bowels. The heart rate was 42/min at the time. What is the most likely mechanism?
- AA vagal response to straining
- BLow blood glucose from fasting
- CAn allergic reaction to the commode
- DA new pulmonary embolism
8.むずかしい
1日1.5 Lの水分制限を受けている心不全の患者が、強い口渇を訴えています。最も適切な対応はどれですか?
- A渇きは常に満たすべきなので、水を無制限に
- B唾液を促して乾燥を和らげるための、塩気のある軽食
- C翌朝の体重測定まで、一切の水分を与えない
- D口腔ケア、数を数えた氷片、1日を通して分けた水分
解答
- 1. B · The mitral valve
- 2. A · Bound to haemoglobin in red blood cells
- 3. C · It relaxes the airway muscles quickly to ease symptoms
- 4. A · Distributive shock
- 5. B · To prevent peripheral neuropathy
- 6. C · A stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
- 7. A · A vagal response to straining
- 8. D · 口腔ケア、数を数えた氷片、1日を通して分けた水分
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