解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

ピークフローメーターは何を測定しますか？

1. A血液の酸素飽和度
2. B肺が保持できる空気の総量
3. C1分間の呼吸回数
4. D人が息を吹き出せる最も速い空気の流量

What is haemoptysis?

1. AVomiting blood that comes from the stomach
2. BCoughing up blood from the lungs or airways
3. CBleeding from the nose that runs into the throat
4. DBlood in the urine

During manual blood pressure measurement, what does the first clear tapping sound (Korotkoff phase 1) mark?

1. AThe diastolic pressure
2. BThe systolic pressure
3. CThe mean arterial pressure
4. DThe pulse pressure

After repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which regular assessment helps detect a blocked graft or clots in the legs?

1. AMeasuring the blood glucose every hour through the night
2. BTesting the gag reflex every four hours after surgery
3. CChecking the pupils' response to light
4. DChecking leg pulses, colour, warmth and sensation

A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?

1. AStable exertional angina from a fixed plaque
2. BVasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
3. CAortic stenosis
4. DAcute pericarditis

末梢動脈疾患の患者が夜間に脚の痛みを訴えています。楽になる可能性のある体位はどれですか？

1. Aベッドの端から脚を下に垂らす
2. B脚を枕の上で心臓より高く上げる
3. C湯たんぽを足に直接当てる
4. D脚を圧迫包帯で巻く

心不全の患者の体重が3日間で2.5 kg増え、両側の肺底部に新たなラ音があり、今は枕4つで眠っています。血圧138/84 mmHg、室内気でSpO₂ 93%です。優先すべきことは何ですか？

1. A患者を座位にし、十分にアセスメントして、体液過剰を報告する
2. B腎臓を守るため、経口の水分を余分に摂るよう勧める
3. C心臓を休ませて負担を減らすため、患者を仰向けに寝かせる
4. D体重を記録し、来週末にもう一度確認する

After a car crash, a patient is severely breathless with absent breath sounds on the right, a deviated trachea, distended neck veins and BP 76/40 mmHg. What is the immediate management?

1. AA chest X-ray to confirm the diagnosis before any treatment
2. BInsertion of a urinary catheter to monitor output
3. CLying the patient flat with the legs raised
4. DUrgent needle or finger decompression of the right chest