解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 50 mL
2. BAbout 500 mL
3. CAbout 5 litres
4. DAbout 1.5 litres

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae?

1. AThe left atrium
2. BThe right atrium
3. CThe left ventricle
4. DThe right ventricle

Which valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

1. AThe pulmonary valve
2. BThe tricuspid valve
3. CThe mitral valve
4. DThe aortic valve

A young patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy asks why they are told to avoid dehydration. What is the best explanation?

1. ALow blood volume can worsen obstruction of blood leaving the heart
2. BFluids dissolve the extra muscle in the heart wall
3. CDehydration is the cause of the inherited condition
4. DDehydration makes the heart muscle grow thicker within a few hours

A patient has just started an ACE inhibitor. Which blood tests are usually checked within the first one to two weeks?

1. AINR and platelet count
2. BLiver enzymes and amylase
3. CTroponin and creatine kinase
4. DPotassium and creatinine

A patient with heart failure takes furosemide once a day. When is the best time to take it?

1. AWhenever the ankles look swollen, on those days only
2. BIn the morning, to avoid needing the toilet at night
3. CAt bedtime, so the effect lasts through the night
4. DJust before the evening meal, with a large drink

橈骨動脈経由の心臓カテーテル検査の後、最も重要なアセスメントはどれですか？

1. A4時間ごとの尿比重
2. B15分ごとの瞳孔の大きさと対光反応
3. C手の循環、感覚、動きと、穿刺部位
4. D検査後1時間ごとの腸蠕動音と腹囲

A patient with severe sepsis becomes increasingly breathless over 24 hours. SpO₂ stays low despite high-flow oxygen, and the chest X-ray shows bilateral infiltrates. The heart function is normal. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAcute left ventricular failure after an MI
2. BSpontaneous pneumothorax
3. CAcute respiratory distress syndrome
4. DAn acute asthma attack