解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which drug reverses the effect of unfractionated heparin?

1. AFlumazenil
2. BVitamin K (phytomenadione)
3. CProtamine sulfate
4. DNaloxone

ピークフローメーターは何を測定しますか？

1. A血液の酸素飽和度
2. B人が息を吹き出せる最も速い空気の流量
3. C1分間の呼吸回数
4. D肺が保持できる空気の総量

What does a "reliever" inhaler do in asthma?

1. AIt relaxes the airway muscles quickly to ease symptoms
2. BIt reduces the airway inflammation steadily over several weeks
3. CIt kills bacteria in the airways
4. DIt thins the mucus over several days

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AStable angina
2. BAortic stenosis
3. CAsthma
4. DPhaeochromocytoma

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

1. AA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
2. BA leaking aortic valve
3. CA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
4. DA blocked pulmonary artery

A patient uses a glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) patch for angina. Why is it usually removed for several hours each day?

1. AIt lowers the risk of a high potassium level
2. BThe patch works only during the night
3. CThe skin needs a break to absorb a larger dose
4. DA nitrate-free interval prevents tolerance

Four hours after abdominal surgery, a patient's heart rate has risen from 84 to 122/min and they are restless and pale. BP is still 118/76 mmHg, and the surgical drain is filling with blood. What should the nurse conclude?

1. AEarly haemorrhagic shock is likely, so escalate urgently
2. BThe drain is working well, so no action is needed
3. CThe patient is stable because the blood pressure is normal
4. DThe tachycardia is from pain and needs only analgesia

心臓手術の1時間後、縦隔ドレーンから鮮紅色の血液が350 mL排液され、心拍数が上昇しています。看護師はどうすべきですか？

1. A直ちに外科チームに報告する
2. B5分ごとにチューブを強くしごく
3. Cさらなる出血を止めるため、ドレーンをクランプする
4. D量を記録し、1時間ごとの確認を続ける