解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

In a tension pneumothorax, which way does the trachea usually shift?

1. AAway from the affected side
2. BTowards the affected side
3. CUpwards towards the chin
4. DIt never moves in a pneumothorax

高血圧がしばしば「サイレントキラー」と呼ばれるのはなぜですか？

1. A血液検査でしか見つけられないから
2. B症状がないまま臓器を傷めることが多いから
3. C患者が無視するようになる頭痛を必ず起こすから
4. D主に夜間の睡眠中に起こるから

Which of these is a modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease?

1. AMale sex
2. BSmoking
3. CFamily history
4. DOlder age

Why is active tuberculosis treated with several drugs for at least six months?

1. ATo reduce the number of side effects compared with one drug
2. BTo kill slow-growing bacteria and prevent drug resistance
3. CBecause each drug works on a different organ only
4. DBecause the bacteria are resistant to all drugs at first

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt blocks cholesterol production by enzymes in the liver
2. BIt reduces absorption of cholesterol from the gut
3. CIt increases cholesterol loss in the urine
4. DIt dissolves plaques already in the arteries

患者のB型ナトリウム利尿ペプチド（BNPまたはNT-proBNP）が上昇しています。これは主に何を反映していますか？

1. Aうっ血による肝臓の炎症
2. B心室の伸展と圧負荷
3. C心筋の虚血性障害
4. D転倒後の骨格筋の損傷

Three days after an MI, a patient faints on the commode while straining hard to open the bowels. The heart rate was 42/min at the time. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. ALow blood glucose from fasting
2. BA vagal response to straining
3. CAn allergic reaction to the commode
4. DA new pulmonary embolism

A ventilated patient is coughing, and the high-pressure alarm sounds. Coarse sounds are heard over the trachea. What should the nurse do first?

1. AIncrease the tidal volume on the ventilator to overcome it
2. BAssess the patient and suction if secretions are present
3. CDeflate the endotracheal tube cuff fully
4. DTurn the alarm off and reassess the patient in an hour