解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What is the normal duration of the QRS complex on an adult ECG?

1. ABetween 0.20 and 0.40 seconds
2. BLess than 0.12 seconds
3. CMore than 0.50 seconds
4. DExactly 1 second

典型的な胸痛を伴わない心筋梗塞を起こしやすい患者群はどれですか？

1. A高齢者、女性、糖尿病のある人
2. B若い男性と定期的に運動をする人
3. C10代の若者と喘息のある人
4. D喫煙者と、コレステロールが高い人や肥満の人

On spirometry, what does a reduced FEV₁/FVC ratio indicate?

1. ALow haemoglobin
2. BNormal lung function
3. CObstruction to airflow
4. DWeak heart muscle

After an arterial blood gas sample is taken from the radial artery, what should the nurse do?

1. ABend the wrist sharply upwards to stop the bleeding
2. BLeave the site uncovered without pressure
3. CApply firm pressure to the site for several minutes
4. DMassage the site to help the bruising fade

Why is a beta-blocker started at a low dose and increased slowly in heart failure?

1. AIt is safe only at the highest possible dose from the very start
2. BIt works only if the dose is never changed after the first day
3. CIt can briefly worsen symptoms before long-term benefit appears
4. DIt must be stopped as soon as symptoms improve

COPDにおける呼吸リハビリテーションとは何ですか？

1. A6か月ごとに繰り返す肺機能検査
2. B息切れを和らげる、監督下の運動と教育
3. C毎年冬に自宅で行う、経口ステロイドと抗菌薬の投与
4. D肺の最も障害された部分を切除する手術

A patient with a confirmed pulmonary embolism has BP 78/50 mmHg despite fluids, and the right ventricle is dilated on echocardiography. Which treatment is most likely?

1. AAn inhaled bronchodilator
2. BCompression stockings and bed rest
3. COral apixaban only, started next week
4. DSystemic thrombolysis

A patient taking ramipril and indapamide for hypertension starts regular ibuprofen for back pain. A week later, creatinine has risen sharply. What is the most likely cause?

1. ABack pain causing kidney damage
2. BAn ACE inhibitor, diuretic and NSAID together reducing kidney perfusion
3. CIbuprofen raising the blood pressure to levels that damage the kidneys
4. DAn allergic reaction to the diuretic causing inflammation of the kidney