解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which sound is typical of a pleural friction rub?

1. AA creaking, grating sound with each breath
2. BA harsh sound on breathing in from the throat
3. CFine bubbling sounds that clear with coughing
4. DA high-pitched musical sound on expiration

How does CPAP help in obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AIt delivers a drug that relaxes the airway muscles overnight
2. BConstant positive pressure holds the upper airway open
3. CIt removes carbon dioxide through a filter
4. DIt slows the breathing rate during sleep

What is the main role of the delay at the atrioventricular (AV) node?

1. AIt speeds the impulse to the ventricles so they beat sooner
2. BIt closes the aortic valve
3. CIt starts each heartbeat by firing faster than the SA node
4. DIt gives the ventricles time to fill before they contract

胸痛のある患者がニトログリセリンを求めました。看護師が投与を保留して指示者に連絡すべきなのは、どの情報があるときですか？

1. A患者が毎日スタチンを服用している
2. B患者が先週頭痛を起こした
3. C患者が今日の早い時間にシルデナフィルを服用した
4. D患者の血圧が150/90 mmHgである

定量噴霧式吸入器用のスペーサーについて正しい記述はどれですか？

1. Aドライパウダー吸入器と一緒に使うよう設計されている
2. Bステロイドの予防吸入薬を完全にやめられるようになる
3. C1回の噴霧ごとの薬を通常より強くする
4. D必要な同調が少なくてすみ、より多くの薬が肺に届く

COPDにおける呼吸リハビリテーションとは何ですか？

1. A毎年冬に自宅で行う、経口ステロイドと抗菌薬の投与
2. B6か月ごとに繰り返す肺機能検査
3. C肺の最も障害された部分を切除する手術
4. D息切れを和らげる、監督下の運動と教育

A patient with severe chronic kidney disease needs therapeutic anticoagulation for a DVT. Why might unfractionated heparin be chosen instead of a low-molecular-weight heparin?

1. AUnfractionated heparin has no bleeding risk at all
2. BUnfractionated heparin is taken by mouth
3. CLMWH cannot be given to anyone over 60
4. DLMWH is cleared by the kidneys and can accumulate

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. ADouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster
2. BReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin
3. CAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach
4. DWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests