解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which group of symptoms suggests obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AFever, cough and rust-coloured sputum
2. BNight sweats, weight loss and a cough lasting several weeks
3. CLoud snoring, pauses in breathing and daytime sleepiness
4. DWheeze, cough and itchy eyes that come on after exercise

What does the term "apnoea" mean?

1. ACoughing up blood
2. BA pause or stop in breathing
3. CA breathing rate above normal
4. DBreathlessness on lying flat

ヘパリンやアピキサバンなどの抗凝固薬の主な役割は何ですか？

1. A既存の血栓を数分で完全に溶かすこと
2. B新しい血栓を予防し、既存の血栓が大きくなるのを止めること
3. C手術や出血の後に血小板数を増やすこと
4. D血小板どうしがくっつくのを止めること

How do clopidogrel and ticagrelor work?

1. AThey dissolve fibrin in existing clots
2. BThey directly inhibit thrombin in the plasma
3. CThey block the platelet ADP (P2Y₁₂) receptor
4. DThey inhibit the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver

A 70 kg patient has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. How should this be interpreted?

1. ABelow 0.5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion
2. BNormal, because any measurable urine output is reassuring
3. CHigh, suggesting fluid overload that needs a diuretic
4. DNormal, because the target is 0.1 mL/kg/h

After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?

1. AKeeping a pillow under the stump at all times, day and night
2. BLying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump
3. CSitting in a chair for most of the day with the hips bent
4. DKeeping the hip bent to reduce stump swelling

A patient has new chest pain at rest. The ECG shows ST depression, but serial troponins remain normal. Which diagnosis fits best?

1. AST-elevation myocardial infarction
2. BUnstable angina
3. CStable angina
4. DNon-ST-elevation myocardial infarction

A patient has been on continuous NIV via a full-face mask for two days. Which nursing measure helps prevent the most common complication?

1. ACheck mask fit and protect the bridge of the nose
2. BRemove the mask for an hour each time the alarm sounds
3. CTighten the straps as far as they will go to stop any leak
4. DUse the same mask size for every patient