解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which vaccine is used to protect against tuberculosis?

1. ADTaP
2. BHPV
3. CMMR
4. DBCG

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

1. AAlveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange
2. BThe bronchi become permanently widened and repeatedly infected
3. CThe pleural space slowly fills with fluid that compresses the lung
4. DThe airways narrow briefly and fully recover

What should patients starting rifampicin (rifampin) be told about their urine, sweat and tears?

1. AThey may turn orange-red, which is harmless
2. BThey will become completely colourless
3. CThey may turn black, which means bleeding
4. DThey may turn green, which means infection

患者のB型ナトリウム利尿ペプチド（BNPまたはNT-proBNP）が上昇しています。これは主に何を反映していますか？

1. A転倒後の骨格筋の損傷
2. B心筋の虚血性障害
3. C心室の伸展と圧負荷
4. Dうっ血による肝臓の炎症

喘息の患者が、発作時用の吸入器を週に3回より多く使っています。これは何を示唆しますか？

1. A予防吸入薬はもう必要ない
2. B喘息のコントロールが不良で、治療の見直しが必要である
3. C発作時用の薬がもう効かないので、中止すべきである
4. D現在の計画で喘息はよくコントロールされている

Which advice is most helpful for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. ARub the fingers hard with snow during an attack
2. BSoak the hands in cold water to toughen the vessels
3. CKeep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking
4. DTake a decongestant tablet before going outdoors

1日1.5 Lの水分制限を受けている心不全の患者が、強い口渇を訴えています。最も適切な対応はどれですか？

1. A渇きは常に満たすべきなので、水を無制限に
2. B口腔ケア、数を数えた氷片、1日を通して分けた水分
3. C唾液を促して乾燥を和らげるための、塩気のある軽食
4. D翌朝の体重測定まで、一切の水分を与えない

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas
2. BChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate
3. CDisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
4. DIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour