解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

In pericarditis, which structure is inflamed?

1. AThe heart muscle itself
2. BThe sac that surrounds the heart
3. CThe coronary arteries
4. DThe inner lining of the heart chambers

ヘパリンやアピキサバンなどの抗凝固薬の主な役割は何ですか？

1. A既存の血栓を数分で完全に溶かすこと
2. B血小板どうしがくっつくのを止めること
3. C手術や出血の後に血小板数を増やすこと
4. D新しい血栓を予防し、既存の血栓が大きくなるのを止めること

What is the normal PR interval on an adult ECG?

1. A1.0–1.2 seconds
2. B0.40–0.60 seconds
3. C0.12–0.20 seconds
4. D0.02–0.06 seconds

A patient with stable angina is afraid nicotine patches will harm their heart. Which reply is most accurate?

1. ANicotine replacement is much safer than smoking and is recommended
2. BNicotine replacement only works if smoking continues
3. CNicotine patches are much more harmful to the heart than cigarettes
4. DPeople with angina must stop smoking without any help

Why are beta-blockers often started after a myocardial infarction?

1. AThey lower the heart's oxygen demand and reduce arrhythmias
2. BThey reduce cholesterol in the blood
3. CThey dissolve the clot that is blocking the coronary artery
4. DThey raise the heart rate to improve blood flow to the muscle

After a prescribed IV fluid bolus for hypotension, what should the nurse do next?

1. AStop all monitoring if the patient says they feel better
2. BWait until the next routine observations in four hours
3. CReassess heart rate, blood pressure, urine output and lung sounds
4. DStart a second fluid bolus straight away without checking anything

心房細動でワルファリンを服用している患者に、クラリスロマイシンが処方されました。最も適切な対応はどれですか？

1. A抗菌薬はワルファリンに影響しないので、何も変えない
2. B抗菌薬の投与期間中ずっとワルファリンを中止する
3. CINRが上昇しうるため、早めに検査すべきか尋ねる
4. D投与期間中、ワルファリンの量を2倍にする

A patient with crushing chest pain has ST elevation in leads V1–V4. Which coronary artery is most likely blocked?

1. AThe left anterior descending artery
2. BThe right coronary artery and its branches
3. CThe left subclavian artery
4. DThe circumflex artery