1.やさしい
What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?
- AAbout 1.5 litres
- BAbout 5 litres
- CAbout 500 mL
- DAbout 50 mL
2.やさしい
二酸化炭素の貯留(高二酸化炭素血症)を示唆する徴候の組み合わせはどれですか?
- A傾眠、頭痛、顔面紅潮、跳ねるような脈
- B針先のような縮瞳とごく遅い心拍
- C速い呼吸が続いた後の指先と唇のしびれ
- D蒼白で冷たく湿った皮膚と、弱く糸のように細い脈
3.やさしい
On spirometry, what is the forced vital capacity (FVC)?
- AThe volume of air that is left in the lungs after breathing out
- BThe volume of one normal resting breath
- CThe total volume blown out forcefully after a full breath in
- DThe volume of air blown out in the first second of the test only
4.ふつう
胸腔ドレーンのチューブを一般にクランプしてはいけないのはなぜですか?
- Aクランプすると水封の水が蒸発するから
- B閉じ込められた空気が増えて、緊張性気胸を起こしうるから
- Cクランプすると胸腔から液体が速く排出されすぎるから
- Dクランプするとチューブが恒久的に弱って割れるから
5.ふつう
A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?
- AAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
- BUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
- CTake a beta-blocker before exercise
- DExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways
6.ふつう
What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
- AA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
- BA blocked pulmonary artery
- CA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
- DA leaking aortic valve
7.むずかしい
Four hours after cardiac surgery, the mediastinal drain, which had been draining steadily, suddenly stops. BP falls to 84/60 mmHg, the heart rate rises and the CVP climbs. What should the nurse suspect?
- ACardiac tamponade from a clotted drain
- BA tension pneumothorax on the left side
- CNormal recovery, as the bleeding has stopped
- DFluid overload from intravenous fluids
8.むずかしい
A patient has sudden severe chest pain spreading to the back between the shoulder blades. Which finding most supports aortic dissection rather than myocardial infarction?
- AA heart rate of 104/min and a respiratory rate of 22/min
- BSweating, nausea and pallor that started with the pain
- CPain that started at rest
- DA large difference in blood pressure between the arms
解答
- 1. C · About 500 mL
- 2. A · 傾眠、頭痛、顔面紅潮、跳ねるような脈
- 3. C · The total volume blown out forcefully after a full breath in
- 4. B · 閉じ込められた空気が増えて、緊張性気胸を起こしうるから
- 5. B · Use the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
- 6. A · A stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
- 7. A · Cardiac tamponade from a clotted drain
- 8. D · A large difference in blood pressure between the arms
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