解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited cause of which lung disease?

1. ALung cancer
2. BEmphysema
3. CPneumothorax
4. DAsthma

What is a pneumothorax?

1. AFluid in the alveoli caused by heart failure
2. BPus collecting in the pleural space
3. CInflammation of the lung tissue caused by infection
4. DAir in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse

肺炎が疑われるとき、培養用の喀痰検体は理想的にはいつ採取しますか？

1. A抗菌薬は培養に影響しないので、いつでも
2. B1週間たっても改善しないときだけ
3. C抗菌薬の初回投与の前に、投与を遅らせずに
4. D抗菌薬治療の3日後

A patient uses a glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) patch for angina. Why is it usually removed for several hours each day?

1. AThe skin needs a break to absorb a larger dose
2. BIt lowers the risk of a high potassium level
3. CA nitrate-free interval prevents tolerance
4. DThe patch works only during the night

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
2. BProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks
3. CEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular
4. DExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests

Why must intravenous potassium chloride never be given as a rapid push or undiluted?

1. AIt works only when given by mouth
2. BIt immediately lowers the blood glucose to dangerous levels
3. CIt turns into solid crystals inside the vein and blocks it
4. DA sudden high potassium level can cause cardiac arrest

NSTEMIの後に冠動脈ステントを入れた患者が、なぜ2種類の抗血小板薬を飲むのかと尋ねました。最も正確な答えはどれですか？

1. A2つの経路を遮断してステントを守るが、出血リスクは高まる
2. B2つ目の薬が、最初の心臓発作の原因となった血栓を溶かす
3. C2つ目の薬が、アスピリンから胃粘膜を守る
4. D2つの薬がコレステロールを下げ、新たな閉塞ができないようにする

心筋梗塞の3週間後、患者に発熱、前かがみになると和らぐ胸膜痛、心膜摩擦音があります。最も考えられる疾患はどれですか？

1. A心筋梗塞後（ドレスラー）症候群
2. B別の動脈の新たなSTEMI
3. C急性大動脈解離
4. D急性左心不全