解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing
2. BIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
3. CIt divides the trachea into two bronchi
4. DIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs

Which symptom lasting more than three weeks is a classic warning sign of laryngeal cancer?

1. AItching of the eyes
2. BMild sneezing and a runny nose in the morning
3. COccasional hiccups
4. DPersistent hoarseness of the voice

What is the normal resting heart rate range for an adult?

1. A40–60 beats per minute
2. B30–50 beats per minute
3. C100–140 beats per minute
4. D60–100 beats per minute

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AAsthma
2. BPhaeochromocytoma
3. CAortic stenosis
4. DStable angina

Which skin changes around the ankles are typical of chronic venous insufficiency?

1. AA sharply defined red patch with fever
2. BPale, shiny, hairless skin with weak pulses
3. CBrown staining, swelling and dry, itchy skin
4. DA cold, white foot with no pulse

After an acute coronary syndrome, a patient with a normal cholesterol level is prescribed a high-intensity statin. Why?

1. AStatins are needed only if the cholesterol level is very high
2. BStatins are given after an ACS mainly to lower the blood pressure
3. CStatins work as painkillers for chest pain
4. DStatins reduce further events whatever the starting cholesterol

CO₂を貯留するCOPDの急性増悪の患者に、ネブライザーによる気管支拡張薬が処方されました。通常、ネブライザーは何で駆動しますか？

1. A6～8 L/分の酸素で、飽和度のモニタリングはしない
2. B圧縮空気で駆動し、鼻カニューラによる管理された酸素を併用する
3. C15 L/分の酸素で、できるだけ長く
4. Dガスを流さず、患者に深呼吸してもらう

心臓手術の1時間後、縦隔ドレーンから鮮紅色の血液が350 mL排液され、心拍数が上昇しています。看護師はどうすべきですか？

1. A量を記録し、1時間ごとの確認を続ける
2. B5分ごとにチューブを強くしごく
3. C直ちに外科チームに報告する
4. Dさらなる出血を止めるため、ドレーンをクランプする