解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which coronary artery mainly supplies the front (anterior) wall of the left ventricle?

1. AThe pulmonary artery
2. BThe left anterior descending artery
3. CThe circumflex artery only
4. DThe right coronary artery and its marginal branch

What does the term "afterload" describe?

1. AThe volume of blood returning to the right atrium each minute
2. BThe stretch of the ventricle before it contracts
3. CThe time the heart takes to relax after each beat
4. DThe resistance the ventricle must overcome to eject blood

What causes the first heart sound (S1)?

1. ABlood flowing quickly into the atria
2. BThe heart muscle stretching in diastole
3. CClosure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
4. DClosure of the mitral and tricuspid valves

A patient has a prosthetic heart valve. Which teaching best reduces the risk of infective endocarditis?

1. AAvoid all physical exercise for the rest of their life
2. BTake a daily antibiotic tablet indefinitely
3. CKeep teeth and gums healthy with regular dental check-ups
4. DAvoid eating dairy products and raw vegetables

When should an adult with cystic fibrosis take pancreatic enzyme capsules?

1. AWith all meals and snacks that contain fat
2. BOnce a day on waking, at least an hour before any food
3. COnly at bedtime
4. DOnly when they have diarrhoea

A patient is on a short course of oral prednisolone for an asthma exacerbation. Which effect should the nurse monitor for?

1. ASlow heart rate
2. BLow blood pressure
3. CRaised blood glucose
4. DLow blood sodium

A 70-year-old man has a small abdominal aortic aneurysm found on screening and is placed under surveillance. Which advice is most important?

1. AHave the aneurysm repaired immediately, whatever its size or growth rate
2. BStop smoking, control BP and seek help at once for sudden back pain
3. CStop all blood pressure medicines to avoid low pressure
4. DAvoid all exercise and lifting for the rest of his life to protect the aorta

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin
2. BWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests
3. CAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach
4. DDouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster