解答つき内科外科看護：神経、内分泌、腎臓ワークシート

In dialysis care, what does "dry weight" mean?

1. AThe weight after the patient has drunk nothing for a day
2. BThe weight measured with an empty bladder
3. CThe weight of the patient's clothes
4. DThe weight without excess fluid in the body

糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス（DKA）と最も関連が深い糖尿病の型はどれですか？

1. A前糖尿病
2. B食事療法のみの2型糖尿病
3. C尿崩症
4. D1型糖尿病

インスリンアスパルトやリスプロなどの超速効型インスリンは、通常いつ投与しますか？

1. A食事の直前か食事と一緒に
2. B食事にかかわらず1日1回
3. C食事の約2時間後に
4. D食べ物なしで就寝時に

A patient with Alzheimer's disease starts donepezil. Which side effects should the nurse look for?

1. AA persistent dry cough and a raised potassium
2. BNausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate
3. CWeight gain, high glucose and swollen ankles
4. DDry mouth, constipation and a fast heart rate

A patient on ciclosporin or tacrolimus asks about grapefruit juice. Which advice is correct?

1. AIt has no effect on these drugs
2. BDrink it daily to protect the kidney
3. CDrink it with each dose to improve the absorption
4. DAvoid it, because it can raise the drug levels

Why are insulin and glucose given together to treat hyperkalaemia?

1. AInsulin moves potassium into cells; glucose prevents a hypo
2. BGlucose binds the potassium in the blood and removes it
3. CInsulin protects the heart muscle cells from the potassium
4. DInsulin makes the kidneys pass more potassium in the urine

長期間、高用量のプレドニゾロンを服用している患者が、腸の手術の3日後です。腹痛は軽いと訴えるだけですが、心拍数が115/分に上がり、体温は37.4 °Cです。看護師が特に懸念すべきなのはなぜですか？

1. Aステロイドは発熱、痛み、腹膜刺激症状を隠し、合併症を見えなくしうるから
2. B軽い痛みは、腸が予想どおり治っていることを示すから
3. Cステロイドは感染から守るので、敗血症の可能性は非常に低いから
4. Dステロイドはすべての患者で頻脈を起こすので、対応は不要だから

A patient with an acute stroke has a glucose of 15 mmol/L (270 mg/dL). They do not have known diabetes. What is appropriate?

1. AGive glucose gel to stabilise the level
2. BIgnore it, because stress always raises glucose
3. CStop all IV fluids to lower the glucose
4. DReport it and monitor glucose, as it can worsen outcome