解答つき内科外科看護：神経、内分泌、腎臓ワークシート

How is diabetic retinopathy usually picked up early?

1. ARegular eye screening with retinal photographs
2. BChecking the pupils with a torch at every visit
3. CWaiting until the patient notices blurred vision
4. DA yearly blood test for HbA1c only

Which type of insulin is given intravenously, for example in an insulin infusion?

1. ASoluble (regular) short-acting insulin
2. BPremixed biphasic insulin
3. CLong-acting insulin glargine
4. DIntermediate-acting NPH (isophane) insulin

血液透析用の動静脈シャントが機能していることを、看護師はどのように確認しますか？

1. A反対側の腕の橈骨動脈の脈拍を確認する
2. Bシャント側の腕の血圧を測る
3. Cシャント部位の発赤を調べる
4. Dスリルを触れ、シャント音（血管雑音）を聴く

Which lifestyle advice best helps a patient with epilepsy reduce their seizures?

1. ADrink coffee in the evening to stay alert
2. BSkip a dose on days without any warning signs
3. CKeep regular sleep and take every dose on time
4. DAvoid all physical exercise and stay indoors

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

1. ADiarrhoea and heavy sweating
2. BA cough and a raised potassium
3. CDry mouth and constipation
4. DWeight loss and a fast tremor

Which group of drugs is a well-known cause of SIADH and hyponatraemia, especially in older people?

1. ABulk-forming laxatives
2. BProton pump inhibitors
3. CPenicillin antibiotics
4. DSSRI antidepressants

A man who takes tamsulosin for BPH is listed for cataract surgery. Which statement is correct?

1. AThe eye surgeon must be told, as it can cause floppy iris during surgery
2. BTamsulosin has no effects outside the urinary tract, so nothing changes
3. CIt should be swapped for oxybutynin the night before to protect the eye
4. DThe dose should be doubled before surgery to prevent urinary retention

人工呼吸中の患者に外傷性脳損傷があります。ヘルニアが差し迫っていない限り、通常目標とするPaCO₂はどれですか？

1. A正常のPaCO₂（正常二酸化炭素血症）
2. BICPには影響しないので、どんなPaCO₂でもよい
3. C脳血管を拡張させるための高いPaCO₂
4. D長時間の過換気による低いPaCO₂