解答つき内科外科看護：神経、内分泌、腎臓ワークシート

Which type of insulin is given intravenously, for example in an insulin infusion?

1. ALong-acting insulin glargine
2. BIntermediate-acting NPH (isophane) insulin
3. CSoluble (regular) short-acting insulin
4. DPremixed biphasic insulin

糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス（DKA）と最も関連が深い糖尿病の型はどれですか？

1. A食事療法のみの2型糖尿病
2. B前糖尿病
3. C尿崩症
4. D1型糖尿病

Which eGFR defines stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. ABelow 60 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. BBelow 15 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. CBelow 120 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. DBelow 90 mL/min/1.73 m²

Which group of drugs is a well-known cause of SIADH and hyponatraemia, especially in older people?

1. ASSRI antidepressants
2. BBulk-forming laxatives
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DPenicillin antibiotics

Why should long-term steroid treatment not be stopped suddenly?

1. AStopping causes the blood glucose to fall sharply
2. BThe suppressed adrenal glands cannot make enough cortisol at once
3. CThe steroids build up and become toxic after they are stopped
4. DStopping suddenly makes the bones grow too quickly and then fracture

A patient with a spinal cord injury can still feel a light touch around the anus. What does this show?

1. AThe patient has an injury of the brain, not the cord
2. BThe sensation is only a spinal reflex and has no real meaning for recovery
3. CThe injury is complete, and recovery is not possible
4. DThe injury is incomplete, which suggests a better chance of recovery

A patient on a variable rate IV insulin infusion is nil by mouth. Why is a glucose-containing IV fluid usually given alongside it?

1. ATo stop the insulin sticking to the IV tubing
2. BTo prevent hypoglycaemia while insulin is running
3. CTo replace the potassium lost from the cells
4. DTo speed up the action of the insulin in the muscles

高齢の2型糖尿病患者の血糖が48 mmol/L、浸透圧が365 mOsm/kgで、有意なケトンはなく、錯乱があります。最優先は何ですか？

1. A脳浮腫を避けるための、厳格な水分制限
2. B治療中の低血糖を予防するための、経口ブドウ糖
3. C浸透圧、ナトリウム、血糖の綿密な確認を伴う、慎重な静注輸液
4. D1時間以内に血糖を正常化するための、大量のインスリン静注ボーラス