解答つき小児看護ワークシート

Which illness causes a bright red rash on both cheeks, often called "slapped cheek"?

1. AScarlet fever (group A streptococcus)
2. BImpetigo (staphylococcus)
3. CMeasles (rubeola virus)
4. DFifth disease (parvovirus B19)

Which practice most increases the risk of early childhood tooth decay?

1. AHaving a first dental visit by about the first birthday
2. BBrushing the teeth with a smear of fluoride toothpaste
3. CPutting a baby to bed with a bottle of milk or juice
4. DOffering water to drink between meals

Which hygiene advice helps prevent urinary tract infections in girls?

1. AWipe from front to back after using the toilet
2. BHold urine in for as long as possible
3. CTake a long bubble bath every evening before bed
4. DWear tight nylon underwear and leggings

How should a 3-year-old use a metered-dose inhaler?

1. ADirectly into the mouth without a spacer, while breathing in as fast as possible
2. BWith a spacer, giving all the prescribed puffs into it at the same time
3. CWith a spacer and face mask, taking several normal breaths after each puff
4. DWith a spacer and mask, holding the breath for 10 seconds after each puff

A newborn is still wet a few minutes after birth. Which heat-loss mechanism is the main concern, and how is it prevented?

1. AConduction; place the baby on a cold firm surface
2. BRadiation; move the cot close to an outside window
3. CConvection; leave the baby uncovered in a draught
4. DEvaporation; dry the baby straight away, including the head

A family has a 2-year-old. Which advice about medicines at home is best?

1. ACall medicines "sweets" so the child is happy to take them
2. BLock all medicines away, out of reach and sight, in child-resistant containers
3. CKeep daily medicines in a handbag so they are always at hand
4. DRely on child-resistant caps alone, since toddlers are not strong enough to open them

A 3-month-old is gaining weight poorly. The mother says she adds extra water to the formula to make each tin last longer. Besides poor growth, what serious complication is the nurse concerned about?

1. AVitamin K deficiency bleeding from the extra water
2. BHigh blood glucose from the sugar in the diluted formula, causing diabetes
3. CLow sodium from water intoxication, which can cause seizures
4. DHigh sodium from too much powder, which causes dehydration

生後 2 か月の赤ちゃんが、両頬にあざがある状態で連れてこられました。親は、赤ちゃんは「物にぶつかる」と言います。看護師は何をすべきですか？

1. A他の家族の前で、親を虐待で非難する
2. B赤ちゃんはよく物にぶつかるものなので、説明を受け入れる
3. C報告することを親に伝えたうえで、検討される前に赤ちゃんを連れて帰らせる
4. D所見を客観的に記録し、虐待防止（セーフガーディング）の手順に従って懸念を報告する