解答つき小児看護ワークシート

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

1. AAn extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)
2. BA missing X chromosome in a girl
3. CInfection with rubella in early pregnancy
4. DA single gene inherited from both carrier parents

What is the main long-term complication of regular blood transfusions in beta-thalassaemia major?

1. ALow platelet count
2. BVitamin B12 deficiency
3. CLow blood calcium
4. DIron overload

Why do girls taking isotretinoin for severe acne need strict pregnancy prevention?

1. AIt causes serious birth defects
2. BIt causes heavy periods
3. CIt makes contraceptive pills fail
4. DIt stops ovulation permanently

子どもの循環血液量減少性ショックで、通常、後期のサインとなる所見はどれですか？

1. A毛細血管再充満時間の延長
2. B四肢の冷感
3. C頻脈
4. D低血圧

Which advice best prevents dog bites in young children?

1. ANever leave a young child alone with a dog, even the family pet
2. BLet the child hug the dog while it eats so it gets used to children
3. CTeach the child to stare into the dog's eyes to show who is in charge
4. DChoose a small breed, as small dogs never bite

Which statement reflects current guidance about introducing allergenic foods, such as egg and peanut, to infants?

1. AThey should be avoided until at least 3 years of age, because early contact is what causes most food allergies
2. BThey should be given from 6 weeks, mixed into the baby's milk
3. CThey should only be given after a skin prick test in every infant
4. DThey can be introduced from around 6 months as part of solids, and delaying them does not prevent allergy

意識のある 3 歳児が食べ物で窒息し、咳も、泣くことも、話すこともできません。看護師はどうすべきですか？

1. A食べ物を引っかけて取り出すために、口の中を指で盲目的にかき出す
2. B咳で出てくるかどうか様子を見る
3. C背部叩打法に続いて腹部突き上げ法を行い、応援を呼ぶ
4. D飲み込ませるために水を与える

4 歳児が高熱を出し、よだれを垂らし、首を伸ばして前かがみに座り、不安そうにしています。看護師が最初にすべきことは何ですか？

1. A原因菌を特定するため、咽頭ぬぐい液を採取する
2. B応援を呼ぶ前に静脈留置針を挿入する
3. C子どもを寝かせ、舌圧子でのどを見て腫れを確認する
4. D子どもを親のそばで落ち着かせて座位に保ち、気道管理に熟練したチームを呼ぶ