1.やさしい
How is Duchenne muscular dystrophy inherited?
- AX-linked recessive, so it mainly affects boys
- BAutosomal recessive, mainly affecting girls
- CIt is not inherited and is caused by an infection
- DAutosomal dominant, affecting both sexes equally
2.やさしい
Why are children with spina bifida often cared for with latex-free equipment?
- ALatex damages the skin over the spine
- BThey have a high risk of latex allergy
- CLatex causes neural tube defects
- DLatex particles can block the shunt in the brain
3.やさしい
At which times after birth is the Apgar score routinely assessed?
- AOnly once, at 24 hours of age
- BAt birth and again at 1 hour
- CAt 10 minutes and at 30 minutes
- DAt 1 minute and at 5 minutes
4.ふつう
How should a parent respond to a 2-year-old's temper tantrum in a safe place?
- AGive the child the sweet he wants so the tantrum stops
- BShout loudly at the child to make the tantrum stop sooner
- CStay calm, keep the child safe and do not give in to the demand
- DSmack the child to show that tantrums are not allowed
5.ふつう
Which instruction about using an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector is correct?
- AInject it into the buttock muscle and then let the child walk it off at home
- BInject into the outer thigh, through clothing if needed, and call emergency services
- CUse it only after an antihistamine has failed to work
- DInject into the upper arm muscle, but only after removing all the clothing first
6.ふつう
What is a normal capillary refill time in a child?
- A8 to 10 seconds
- B5 seconds or less
- C2 seconds or less
- D15 to 20 seconds
7.むずかしい
The parents of a 9-year-old who wets the bed most nights have been punishing him. What is the best advice?
- AStop all drinks after lunch and keep him in nappies
- BWake him every hour through the night and make him change his own sheets
- CStop punishing him, praise dry nights and consider a bedwetting alarm
- DWait, as no help is available until he is a teenager
8.むずかしい
A child with extensive burns is receiving IV fluid resuscitation. Which finding best shows that fluid replacement is adequate?
- AThe child is asking for a drink
- BThe burned skin looks less red and the blisters are smaller
- CA urine output of about 1 mL/kg per hour
- DThe blood pressure is in the high range
解答
- 1. A · X-linked recessive, so it mainly affects boys
- 2. B · They have a high risk of latex allergy
- 3. D · At 1 minute and at 5 minutes
- 4. C · Stay calm, keep the child safe and do not give in to the demand
- 5. B · Inject into the outer thigh, through clothing if needed, and call emergency services
- 6. C · 2 seconds or less
- 7. C · Stop punishing him, praise dry nights and consider a bedwetting alarm
- 8. C · A urine output of about 1 mL/kg per hour
ステップごとの詳しい解答:このトピックは examproblems.com で練習できます。