解答つき薬理学ワークシート

In hepatic encephalopathy, lactulose is given mainly to:

1. AReduce fluid in the abdomen
2. BLower the blood ammonia level
3. CRaise the blood glucose level
4. DStop bleeding from varices

アセトアミノフェン（パラセタモール）の過量服用で主に障害される臓器は？

1. A肝臓
2. B肺
3. Cまず腎臓、次に心臓
4. D胃の粘膜

How long does it usually take for an SSRI to improve mood noticeably?

1. ASeveral weeks
2. BAbout six months
3. CA few hours
4. DOne or two days

Why is ketorolac given only for a short course?

1. AIt quickly loses all its pain-relieving effect because of tolerance
2. BIt causes respiratory depression after a few days
3. CIt is a strong opioid that causes addiction
4. DGI bleeding and kidney injury become more likely with longer use

A transplant patient takes tacrolimus. Which monitoring is most important?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BPeak expiratory flow
3. CBlood drug levels and kidney function
4. DThyroid function and bone density

A patient is due the first dose of IV cefuroxime. Which question is most important before giving it?

1. A"Have you taken paracetamol today?"
2. B"Have you ever had a reaction to penicillin or another antibiotic?"
3. C"Do you prefer the drip in your left arm or in your right arm?"
4. D"Have you eaten anything in the last two hours?"

A patient with angina is taught to use sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin). Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I may get a headache after taking it."
2. B"If the pain is no better after one tablet, I will wait an hour before calling for help."
3. C"I will sit down before I take the tablet, because it can make me feel faint or dizzy."
4. D"I will replace my tablets before the expiry date."

A patient with an epidural infusion of local anaesthetic becomes hypotensive. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. AThe epidural catheter has caused heavy bleeding
2. BThe local anaesthetic causes a severe allergic reaction
3. CBlockade of sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation
4. DThe drug increases urine output and causes dehydration