解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Which intramuscular site is recommended for infants?

1. AVentral forearm
2. BDorsogluteal (upper outer buttock)
3. CDeltoid
4. DVastus lateralis (outer thigh)

拮抗薬（アンタゴニスト）とは何ですか？

1. A受容体を完全に活性化する薬
2. B受容体に結合しても活性化せず、作動薬を妨げる薬
3. C活性型に変換される薬
4. D神経終末からの天然のリガンドの放出を増やす薬

使い続けてもほとんど弱まらないモルヒネの副作用はどれですか？

1. A吐き気
2. B便秘
3. Cかゆみ
4. D眠気

An IV site is cool, swollen and pale, and the infusion is running slowly. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the infusion rate to push through and clear the blockage
2. BStop the infusion, remove the cannula and elevate the limb
3. CApply a tight bandage over the site
4. DFlush the cannula forcefully with saline

A patient takes regular paracetamol (acetaminophen) at home. Which teaching point best prevents accidental overdose?

1. ATake paracetamol with alcohol to improve absorption
2. BUse paracetamol only on an empty stomach
3. CCheck cold and flu remedies, as many also contain paracetamol
4. DTake an extra dose if the first one does not work within 10 minutes

Methylergometrine (methylergonovine) is prescribed for postpartum bleeding. Which finding would make the nurse withhold it and check with the prescriber?

1. ABlood pressure of 160/105 mmHg
2. BTemperature of 37.2 °C (99 °F)
3. CHeart rate of 88 per minute
4. DHaemoglobin slightly below normal

A patient has SIADH with mild hyponatraemia and no neurological symptoms. What is usually the first-line treatment?

1. AFluid restriction
2. BA rapid bolus of hypertonic saline
3. CLarge volumes of IV glucose 5%
4. DDesmopressin

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis takes oral propranolol, a drug with a high first-pass metabolism. What effect is expected?

1. AThe first-pass effect increases, so the drug becomes inactive
2. BThe drug is excreted faster by the kidney, so it works for a shorter time
3. CMore drug reaches the circulation, so a lower dose may be needed
4. DLess drug is absorbed from the gut, so a higher dose is needed