解答つき薬理学ワークシート

ジアゼパムなどのベンゾジアゼピン系薬は、どの神経伝達物質の作用を強めて働きますか？

1. Aグルタミン酸
2. Bノルアドレナリン
3. CGABA
4. Dセロトニン

肝臓での初回通過代謝を避けられる投与経路はどれですか？

1. A静脈内投与
2. B経口錠剤
3. C経口液剤
4. D直腸の高い位置に入れる坐剤

How does tamsulosin improve urine flow in benign prostatic hyperplasia?

1. AIt contracts the bladder muscle
2. BIt blocks alpha-1 receptors and relaxes prostate smooth muscle
3. CIt shrinks the prostate gland over months by blocking testosterone
4. DIt increases urine production in the kidney

A patient with difficulty swallowing is prescribed several tablets. Which one should not be crushed?

1. AA plain paracetamol tablet
2. BA plain aspirin dispersible tablet
3. CA tablet that the pharmacist says may be crushed
4. DA modified-release (extended-release) tablet

A 19-year-old starts an SSRI for depression. Which is most important for the nurse to monitor during the first weeks?

1. ANew or worsening suicidal thoughts or agitation
2. BHearing loss and tinnitus
3. CDaily bowel movements only
4. DBlood glucose before every meal and at bedtime

A patient with insulin-treated diabetes is found unconscious with very low blood glucose. There is no IV access. Which drug can a trained helper give?

1. AOral glucose gel poured into the mouth
2. BRapid-acting insulin under the skin
3. CIntramuscular adrenaline
4. DGlucagon by injection or nasal spray

How does levonorgestrel emergency contraception mainly work?

1. AIt ends an established pregnancy
2. BIt kills sperm in the vagina
3. CIt causes an immediate period
4. DIt delays or prevents ovulation

Which heart failure drug improves symptoms and reduces hospital admissions but has not been shown to reduce mortality?

1. AAn ACE inhibitor
2. BDigoxin
3. CA beta blocker such as bisoprolol
4. DA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist such as spironolactone