解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Why is vitamin K given to newborn babies?

1. ATo prevent neonatal jaundice in the first week
2. BTo improve weight gain
3. CTo protect against hepatitis B
4. DTo prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding

With patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), who should press the button to give a dose?

1. AOnly the patient
2. BAny visitor who thinks the patient is in pain
3. CThe nursing assistant at set times
4. DA family member when the patient is asleep

What is a prodrug?

1. AA drug that is given before surgery
2. BA drug that is inactive until the body converts it into its active form
3. CA drug that has passed all clinical trials
4. DA drug that prevents or reverses the effect of another drug in the body

Which antihypertensive class can raise blood glucose and uric acid levels, sometimes triggering gout?

1. AACE inhibitors
2. BThiazide diuretics
3. CAlpha-1 blockers
4. DAngiotensin II receptor blockers

Which adverse effect is a well-known risk of zidovudine?

1. AOrange-red colouring of the urine and tears
2. BBone marrow suppression, especially anaemia
3. CGum overgrowth
4. DRed–green colour blindness

What should the nurse teach a patient about taking levothyroxine?

1. ATake it on an empty stomach, 30–60 minutes before breakfast
2. BTake it only on days when feeling tired
3. CTake it together with the iron tablet to save time
4. DTake it with milk at dinner, as calcium protects the stomach lining

A patient taking long-term hydroxychloroquine for lupus is advised to have regular eye examinations. Why?

1. AThe drug stains the cornea blue
2. BThe drug can cause retinal toxicity that may be permanent
3. CThe drug raises pressure inside the eye
4. DThe drug causes cataracts within a few weeks of starting

一次消失の薬で、投与間隔を変えずに投与量を 2 倍にすると：

1. A定常状態の濃度は変わらないが、到達までの時間が半分になる
2. B定常状態の濃度は 2 倍になるが、到達までの時間は変わらない
3. C定常状態に達する時間が半分になる
4. D半減期が 2 倍になる