1.やさしい
Why are corticosteroids such as betamethasone given to a woman at risk of preterm birth?
- ATo stop contractions completely
- BTo lower the mother's blood glucose
- CTo speed up fetal lung maturity
- DTo prevent infection in the mother
2.やさしい
Which antibiotic group shares the beta-lactam ring with penicillins?
- AAminoglycosides
- BTetracyclines
- CCephalosporins
- DMacrolides
3.やさしい
Donepezil, used in Alzheimer's disease, belongs to which class?
- ASelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- BDopamine agonists
- CBenzodiazepines
- DAcetylcholinesterase inhibitors
4.ふつう
A patient starting niacin (nicotinic acid) complains of flushing and warmth after doses. Which advice may reduce this?
- ATake the niacin with a hot drink so that it dissolves and acts faster
- BDouble the dose to build tolerance faster
- CTake aspirin 30 minutes before the niacin, if the prescriber agrees
- DTake it on an empty stomach in a hot bath
5.ふつう
旧来の MAO 阻害薬を服用している患者は、チラミンの多い食品について注意を受けます。何が起こりうるのですか?
- A突然の腎不全
- Bアレルギー性の発疹
- C高血圧クリーゼ
- D重い低血糖
6.ふつう
エンパグリフロジンなどの SGLT2 阻害薬はどのように血糖を下げますか?
- A肝臓がより多くのグリコーゲンを蓄えるようにする
- B尿中へのブドウ糖の排出を増やす
- Cβ細胞からのインスリン分泌を刺激する
- D胃の排出を遅くする
7.むずかしい
A patient who takes clonidine stopped it suddenly two days ago. He is now agitated, has a headache and his blood pressure is very high. What is the most likely explanation?
- ARebound hypertension from abrupt clonidine withdrawal
- BClonidine toxicity due to slow excretion by the kidneys
- CAn allergic reaction to clonidine
- DNormal variation unrelated to the medication
8.むずかしい
A patient took a doxycycline tablet with a sip of water just before lying down. Now swallowing is very painful. What is the most likely cause?
- AGastric ulcer caused by doxycycline
- BPill-induced oesophagitis
- CAn allergic reaction to the tablet coating
- DOral candidiasis from the antibiotic
解答
- 1. C · To speed up fetal lung maturity
- 2. C · Cephalosporins
- 3. D · Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
- 4. C · Take aspirin 30 minutes before the niacin, if the prescriber agrees
- 5. C · 高血圧クリーゼ
- 6. B · 尿中へのブドウ糖の排出を増やす
- 7. A · Rebound hypertension from abrupt clonidine withdrawal
- 8. B · Pill-induced oesophagitis
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