解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Which description fits insulin glargine?

1. AAn oral tablet that makes the pancreas release insulin
2. BA long-acting basal insulin with no marked peak
3. CAn intermediate-acting cloudy insulin with a clear peak
4. DA rapid-acting insulin given with each meal

抗生物質の一部の治療を処方どおり最後まで続けるべきなのはなぜですか？

1. A体が自分で抗生物質を作れるようになるまで数日かかるため
2. B抗生物質が肝臓を傷つけないようにするため
3. C抗生物質の味が時間とともに良くなるため
4. D残った細菌による再発や耐性の可能性を減らすため

Where should an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector be given?

1. AUnder the tongue
2. BInto the abdomen under the skin
3. CInto a vein in the arm
4. DInto the outer thigh muscle

After naloxone reverses an opioid overdose, why must the patient be watched closely?

1. ANaloxone may wear off before the opioid does, so breathing can slow again
2. BNaloxone makes the opioid stay longer in the body
3. CNaloxone itself causes respiratory depression at high doses
4. DNaloxone often causes severe low blood glucose a few hours after the dose

Which assessment is most important during IV mannitol therapy?

1. ABlood glucose before meals and signs of hypoglycaemia
2. BLiver enzymes and signs of jaundice
3. CUrine output, electrolytes and signs of fluid overload
4. DPlatelet count and signs of bleeding

Which signs suggest early lithium toxicity?

1. APinpoint pupils and slow breathing
2. BDiarrhoea, vomiting, coarse tremor and drowsiness
3. CHair loss and dark urine only
4. DVery high blood pressure and a severe headache

低用量経口避妊薬（混合型）を使っている女性が、てんかんのためにカルバマゼピンを開始しました。主な懸念は何ですか？

1. A組み合わせによる重い低血糖
2. Bホルモンの代謝が速まるための避妊の失敗
3. C避妊薬がその代謝を強く遮断するためのカルバマゼピン中毒
4. D相互作用はないので懸念はない

A malnourished patient with low serum albumin shows nystagmus and unsteady gait. Her total phenytoin level is within range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ALow albumin speeds up phenytoin metabolism
2. BThe total level is high, but the laboratory is wrong
3. CLow albumin makes phenytoin bind more tightly, so the drug is less active
4. DMore phenytoin is unbound when albumin is low, so free levels rise