解答つき薬理学ワークシート

In hepatic encephalopathy, lactulose is given mainly to:

1. AStop bleeding from varices
2. BLower the blood ammonia level
3. CRaise the blood glucose level
4. DReduce fluid in the abdomen

Which vasopressor is usually first-line for septic shock that persists after fluids?

1. ANoradrenaline (norepinephrine)
2. BIsoprenaline (isoproterenol)
3. CAdenosine
4. DGlyceryl trinitrate

Why is anti-D immunoglobulin given to an Rh-negative mother?

1. ATo speed up labour
2. BTo make her own blood group Rh-positive before the next pregnancy
3. CTo treat anaemia in the newborn
4. DTo stop her forming anti-D antibodies against Rh-positive fetal cells

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker. What should the nurse advise about the first dose?

1. ATake it at bedtime, because it can cause dizziness and fainting
2. BTake it in the morning with a cup of strong coffee to stay alert
3. CTake it only if the urine is darker than usual
4. DExpect a short rise in blood pressure after the dose

When does oseltamivir give the most benefit in influenza?

1. AOnly after a bacterial pneumonia has developed
2. BWhen started within 48 hours of the first symptoms
3. COnly after symptoms have lasted at least one week
4. DAt any time, as the timing makes no difference

クロザピンを服用している患者に定期的な血球数の検査が必要なのはなぜですか？

1. A血液型を変えるから
2. B無顆粒球症を起こすことがあるから
3. C鉄欠乏性貧血をよく起こすから
4. D血小板数を危険なほど上げるから

A patient who has taken lorazepam daily for many months stops it suddenly. Which serious complication may follow?

1. ASevere bradycardia
2. BWithdrawal seizures
3. CProfound respiratory depression
4. DPinpoint pupils and coma

A patient taking co-trimoxazole develops fever, a spreading blistering rash and painful mouth sores. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AOral thrush; start an antifungal and continue the antibiotic
2. BA mild rash that will settle; continue the drug and give moisturiser
3. CSunburn caused by the drug; advise sunscreen only
4. DStevens–Johnson syndrome; stop the drug and get urgent medical care