解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Which of these is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics?

1. ADry mouth
2. BAgranulocytosis (a very low neutrophil count)
3. CAkathisia (a feeling of inner restlessness)
4. DWeight gain

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. ABlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
2. BLoss of taste
3. CExcess saliva production
4. DOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)

What is enzyme induction?

1. AA drug causes an allergic reaction to enzymes
2. BA drug blocks liver enzymes, so other drugs build up in the blood
3. CA drug speeds up liver enzymes, so other drugs are broken down faster
4. DA drug is converted into an enzyme in the body

エンパグリフロジンなどの SGLT2 阻害薬はどのように血糖を下げますか？

1. A肝臓がより多くのグリコーゲンを蓄えるようにする
2. B尿中へのブドウ糖の排出を増やす
3. C胃の排出を遅くする
4. Dβ細胞からのインスリン分泌を刺激する

メトロニダゾールを服用する患者が通常避けるよう勧められるものは何ですか？

1. Aアルコール
2. B日光
3. C乳製品
4. Dグレープフルーツジュース

Why is testing for HLA-B*15:02 recommended before carbamazepine in people of some Asian ancestries?

1. AIt greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
2. BThis gene variant causes carbamazepine to raise blood glucose
3. CThis gene variant speeds up the kidney excretion of carbamazepine
4. DThis gene variant makes carbamazepine ineffective

A postoperative patient using morphine PCA is very drowsy, hard to rouse and has a respiratory rate of 7 per minute. What should the nurse do first?

1. AStop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol
2. BLet the patient sleep and recheck in one hour
3. CEncourage the patient to press the button only when awake and in pain
4. DReduce the PCA dose and leave the pump running

A patient taking warfarin asks for something for a headache. Which drug is usually the safest choice?

1. AIbuprofen, at the lowest dose
2. BParacetamol (acetaminophen)
3. CAspirin
4. DNaproxen