解答つき薬理学ワークシート

Varenicline helps people stop smoking because it:

1. AIs a nicotinic partial agonist that reduces craving and reward
2. BMakes cigarettes taste bitter
3. CBlocks dopamine receptors in the brain completely
4. DIs a form of nicotine absorbed slowly through the skin

ワルファリンなど、ほとんどの酸性薬物と結合する血漿タンパク質はどれですか？

1. Aインスリン
2. Bヘモグロビン
3. Cフィブリノゲン
4. Dアルブミン

Giving a patient immunoglobulin after exposure to an infection provides which type of immunity?

1. APassive immunity
2. BInnate immunity
3. CHerd immunity
4. DActive immunity

Why should NSAIDs be used with caution in some people with asthma?

1. AThey block the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids
2. BThey can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma
3. CThey cause mucus plugs by drying the airways
4. DThey increase the clearance of salbutamol

イブプロフェンなどの NSAIDs が胃潰瘍のリスクを高めるのはなぜですか？

1. A胃粘膜を守るプロスタグランジンを減らすから
2. B胃の中のヘリコバクター・ピロリの数を増やすから
3. C胃酸の pH を上げるから
4. D粘液層を直接溶かすから

負荷量（ローディングドーズ）は何のために使いますか？

1. A薬の吸収を遅らせるため
2. B目標の血中濃度にすばやく到達するため
3. Cアレルギー反応を調べるため
4. D治療開始時の副作用を減らすため

Before starting rituximab, patients are tested for hepatitis B. Why?

1. ARituximab is a vaccine against hepatitis B
2. BHepatitis B infection makes rituximab completely ineffective
3. CRituximab is made from the hepatitis B virus
4. DRituximab can reactivate hepatitis B and cause liver failure

A patient with heart failure starts taking naproxen regularly for back pain. Why is this a concern?

1. ANSAIDs lower potassium, which makes digoxin and diuretics fail
2. BNSAIDs increase heart contractility too much
3. CNSAIDs block the absorption of furosemide completely
4. DNSAIDs cause salt and water retention and can worsen heart failure