解答つき薬理学ワークシート

「バイオアベイラビリティ（生物学的利用率）」が表すものは？

1. A投与量のうち未変化のまま体循環に届く割合
2. B薬が排泄される速さ
3. C薬が受容体に結合する強さ
4. D投与量のうち、循環中で血漿タンパク質に結合している割合

Celecoxib selectively inhibits which enzyme?

1. ACyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2)
2. BLipoxygenase
3. CCyclo-oxygenase-1 (COX-1)
4. DPhospholipase A2

How does allopurinol prevent gout?

1. AIt dissolves crystals already in the joint within hours
2. BIt increases the kidney excretion of calcium
3. CIt blocks prostaglandins in the inflamed joint
4. DIt inhibits xanthine oxidase, so less uric acid is made

A patient receiving chemotherapy has a very low neutrophil count and is going home. Which teaching is most important?

1. AExercise in crowded gyms to build strength
2. BTake paracetamol regularly so that fevers do not show
3. CReport a temperature of 38 °C (100.4 °F) or higher straight away
4. DEat plenty of raw shellfish to boost protein

Which teaching about antiepileptic drugs is most important?

1. ATake a double dose if you feel a seizure coming
2. BStop the drug when you have had no seizures for one whole week
3. CAlcohol has no effect on seizure control
4. DDo not stop the drug suddenly, as this can trigger severe seizures

Why is a spacer recommended with a metered-dose inhaler?

1. AIt turns the inhaler into a nebuliser
2. BMore drug reaches the lungs and less stays in the mouth
3. CIt removes the need to shake the inhaler
4. DIt doubles the dose of drug released by each puff of the inhaler

A patient on long-term prednisolone has been vomiting for two days and could not take her tablets. She is now hypotensive and confused, with low sodium and high potassium. What is the most urgent treatment?

1. AOral prednisolone with a glass of water
2. BIV furosemide
3. CIV hydrocortisone and IV fluids
4. DIV insulin with glucose only

ゲンタマイシンを高用量のフロセミドの静注と併用します。特に高まるリスクはどれですか？

1. A低血糖
2. B肝不全
3. C聴覚の障害
4. D出血