解答つき薬理学ワークシート

With patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), who should press the button to give a dose?

1. AThe nursing assistant at set times
2. BAny visitor who thinks the patient is in pain
3. COnly the patient
4. DA family member when the patient is asleep

Disulfiram is used in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. AReplaces alcohol at its receptors in the brain
2. BCures liver damage caused by alcohol
3. CCauses an unpleasant reaction if alcohol is drunk
4. DRemoves alcohol from the blood faster

In the United States, what is a "boxed warning" (black box warning) on a drug label?

1. AA sign that the drug must be stored in a dark box
2. BA note that the drug is available without prescription
3. CThe strongest FDA warning about a serious or life-threatening risk
4. DA label showing that the drug is a controlled substance with abuse potential

Why is propranolol usually avoided in patients with asthma?

1. AIt increases mucus production by blocking histamine
2. BIt stimulates alpha-1 receptors in the airways and raises blood pressure
3. CIt blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways and can cause bronchospasm
4. DIt causes tolerance to inhaled corticosteroids

メトホルミンは主にどのように血糖を下げますか？

1. A肝臓でのブドウ糖産生を減らす
2. B不足したインスリンを補う
3. C腎臓でのブドウ糖の吸収を遮断する
4. D膵臓からのインスリン分泌を刺激する

How are most medication doses for children calculated?

1. ABy the child's height alone
2. BBy the child's age in years only
3. CBy body weight in kilograms, or sometimes body surface area
4. DBy giving half of the adult dose to all children under 12

A nurse calculates a child's dose and finds it is ten times higher than the usual range in the drug reference. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold it, recheck the calculation and clarify with the prescriber
2. BGive the dose, because the prescriber is responsible for the order
3. CGive one tenth of the dose without telling anyone
4. DGive half the dose as a compromise

薬が血液脳関門を通過しやすくなる性質は？

1. A高い脂溶性と小さい分子サイズ
2. B生理的 pH で正の電荷を持つこと
3. C大きい分子量と強いタンパク結合
4. D高い水溶性と強いイオン化