정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

What is the role of cilia in the airways?

1. AThey contract to narrow the airways and keep out particles of dust
2. BThey exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
3. CThey move mucus and trapped particles up towards the throat
4. DThey make surfactant to keep the small alveoli open

Rust-coloured sputum is classically linked with which infection?

1. AA viral common cold
2. BPneumococcal pneumonia
3. CAllergic rhinitis
4. DOral thrush

Which vaccine is used to protect against tuberculosis?

1. ADTaP
2. BMMR
3. CBCG
4. DHPV

What is the purpose of a mucolytic such as carbocisteine in chronic productive cough?

1. ATo stop the patient coughing completely, day and night
2. BTo make sputum thinner and easier to cough up
3. CTo kill bacteria in the airways
4. DTo widen the airways within minutes

Which exercise advice is recommended for intermittent claudication?

1. AComplete bed rest until the leg pain has gone for at least a month
2. BWalking only on days when the legs feel warm and painless
3. CSupervised walking until pain is near maximal, then rest and repeat
4. DStopping walking at the very first twinge of pain each time

How is the jugular venous pressure usually assessed?

1. APatient sitting upright with the arms raised above the head
2. BPatient standing with the neck flexed forward
3. CPatient lying completely flat with the head turned to the right
4. DPatient reclined at 45° with the head turned slightly to the left

A patient with squamous cell lung cancer becomes confused, thirsty and constipated, with abdominal pain. Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely?

1. AHypercalcaemia
2. BHypokalaemia
3. CHypomagnesaemia
4. DHyponatraemia

An 84-year-old with heart failure becomes breathless with new crackles and a rising blood pressure during a blood transfusion. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA mild febrile reaction
2. BTransfusion-associated circulatory overload
3. CAn acute haemolytic reaction from wrong blood
4. DNormal effects of the transfusion