정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Which sound is typical of a pleural friction rub?

1. AFine bubbling sounds that clear with coughing
2. BA creaking, grating sound with each breath
3. CA harsh sound on breathing in from the throat
4. DA high-pitched musical sound on expiration

헤파린이나 아픽사반 같은 항응고제의 주된 역할은?

1. A혈소판이 서로 달라붙는 것을 막는 것
2. B새 혈전을 예방하고 기존 혈전이 커지는 것을 막는 것
3. C기존 혈전을 몇 분 안에 완전히 녹이는 것
4. D수술이나 출혈 후 혈소판 수를 올리는 것

Which definition best describes heart failure?

1. AA coronary artery is suddenly blocked by a clot
2. BThe heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs
3. CThe heart beats faster than 150 beats per minute for over an hour
4. DThe heart has completely stopped beating and there is no pulse

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries
2. BHDL lowers the blood pressure directly
3. CHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
4. DHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver

A patient arrives with suspected cardiac chest pain. How soon should a 12-lead ECG be recorded?

1. AWithin about 10 minutes of arrival
2. BThe following morning
3. CWithin 2 hours of arrival
4. DOnly after the troponin result is available

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AA lung function test
2. BCompression duplex ultrasound
3. CA plain chest X-ray and an ECG
4. DAn exercise ECG

A patient with an inferior myocardial infarction develops complete heart block with a heart rate of 38/min. What is the most likely reason?

1. AInferior infarcts always destroy the bundle of His permanently
2. BThe left anterior descending artery supplies the SA node only
3. CHeart block is caused by the thrombolytic drug
4. DThe right coronary artery usually supplies the AV node

A patient with severe aortic stenosis is prescribed glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) for chest pain. Why should the nurse use particular caution?

1. AGTN raises the blood pressure dangerously in aortic stenosis
2. BThere is no reason for caution, because GTN acts only on the coronary arteries
3. CVasodilators can cause a severe fall in BP with a fixed outflow obstruction
4. DGTN makes the narrowed aortic valve tighten further within a few minutes