정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Which type of leg ulcer is most common?

1. AUlcers from spider bites
2. BArterial ulcers
3. CVenous ulcers
4. DMalignant ulcers

말초동맥질환에 전형적인 증상은?

1. A하루 동안 심해지고 밤에 나아지는 발목 부종
2. B발목 주변의 가려운 갈색 피부
3. C걸을 때 종아리 쥐가 나고 쉬면 가라앉음
4. D한쪽 종아리가 따뜻하고 붉으며 부음

In pericarditis, which structure is inflamed?

1. AThe sac that surrounds the heart
2. BThe inner lining of the heart chambers
3. CThe heart muscle itself
4. DThe coronary arteries

Which ECG change is classically linked with hyperkalaemia?

1. ATall, peaked T waves
2. BDelta waves before the QRS
3. CProminent U waves
4. DA sawtooth baseline

Which skin changes around the ankles are typical of chronic venous insufficiency?

1. AA sharply defined red patch with fever
2. BPale, shiny, hairless skin with weak pulses
3. CBrown staining, swelling and dry, itchy skin
4. DA cold, white foot with no pulse

After thrombolysis for a myocardial infarction, which complication is the nurse most concerned to detect?

1. AA high blood glucose caused by the thrombolytic drug itself
2. BBleeding, including a sudden change in neurological status
3. CA skin rash appearing at the sites of the ECG electrodes
4. DConstipation from bed rest

Why is the cuff pressure of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube checked regularly?

1. AThe cuff pressure sets the ventilator's breathing rate
2. BThe cuff pressure directly controls the patient's oxygen saturation
3. CThe cuff must be kept fully deflated in every ventilated patient
4. DToo high a pressure damages the trachea; too low allows aspiration

The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?

1. AReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm
2. BStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline
3. CRecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic
4. DDeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment