정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta?

1. AThe right ventricle
2. BThe left ventricle
3. CThe left atrium
4. DThe right atrium

How does CPAP help in obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AConstant positive pressure holds the upper airway open
2. BIt slows the breathing rate during sleep
3. CIt removes carbon dioxide through a filter
4. DIt delivers a drug that relaxes the airway muscles overnight

What is Cheyne–Stokes breathing?

1. AA harsh, high-pitched sound on breathing in through the throat
2. BCycles of deeper then shallower breaths followed by a pause
3. CConstant deep, fast breathing that never changes in depth
4. DBreathing only through pursed lips

흉관 배액관을 일반적으로 잠그지 말아야 하는 이유는?

1. A잠그면 체액이 흉강에서 너무 빨리 배액되기 때문
2. B잠그면 관이 영구적으로 약해지고 갈라지기 때문
3. C잠그면 수봉의 물이 증발하기 때문
4. D갇힌 공기가 쌓여 긴장성 기흉을 일으킬 수 있기 때문

A patient with angle-closure glaucoma needs nebulised ipratropium. What precaution is sensible?

1. AGive it only with the patient lying completely flat
2. BMix it with an eye drop before putting it in the nebuliser
3. CRun it at the highest possible gas flow
4. DUse a mouthpiece or protect the eyes from the mist

The telemetry monitor suddenly shows a chaotic waveform resembling ventricular fibrillation, but the patient is talking and brushing their teeth. What should the nurse do first?

1. ACheck the patient and the electrodes, as this is likely artefact
2. BGive IV amiodarone as a bolus
3. CDeliver an immediate defibrillation shock before checking anything
4. DStart chest compressions straight away and call the arrest team

고혈압이 있는 환자의 혈압이 186/112 mmHg이지만 증상이 없고 장기 손상 징후도 없습니다. 가장 적절한 대응은?

1. A15분 안에 120/80 mmHg에 이르도록 정맥 항고혈압제를 일시 주입한다
2. B환자가 괜찮고 증상이 없으므로 아무 조치도 하지 않는다
3. C심정지 팀을 호출하고 기관 삽관을 준비한다
4. D다시 측정하고 보고하며 몇 시간에서 며칠에 걸친 경구 치료를 예상한다

Shortly after a thoracentesis, a patient becomes breathless with sharp chest pain and reduced breath sounds on the same side. What complication is most likely?

1. ARe-accumulation of the effusion
2. BInfection at the puncture site
3. CPulmonary embolism from the leg
4. DPneumothorax