정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

고혈압을 흔히 “소리 없는 살인자”라고 부르는 이유는?

1. A혈액 검사로만 발견할 수 있기 때문
2. B증상 없이 장기를 손상시키는 경우가 많기 때문
3. C늘 두통을 일으키지만 환자가 무시하게 되기 때문
4. D주로 밤에 잠자는 동안 발생하기 때문

Which description fits stable angina?

1. AChest pain that appears only after heavy meals
2. BChest pain on exertion that eases with rest or nitrates
3. CChest pain at rest that lasts longer than an hour and keeps returning
4. DSharp chest pain that worsens with each breath

What is haemoptysis?

1. AVomiting blood that comes from the stomach
2. BCoughing up blood from the lungs or airways
3. CBleeding from the nose that runs into the throat
4. DBlood in the urine

Which energy-conservation advice is most useful for a patient with severe COPD?

1. ASit down for tasks such as washing and dressing, and pace activities
2. BDo all the household tasks quickly in the morning to get them done
3. CAvoid any activity at all, staying in a chair to save their energy
4. DHold the breath while lifting heavy objects

After repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which regular assessment helps detect a blocked graft or clots in the legs?

1. AChecking the pupils' response to light
2. BTesting the gag reflex every four hours after surgery
3. CChecking leg pulses, colour, warmth and sensation
4. DMeasuring the blood glucose every hour through the night

A peripheral cannula site is red, warm, tender and swollen along the vein. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the cannula, document and monitor the site
2. BLeave it in place, as this is normal after 24 hours
3. CCover the site and keep using it until it blocks
4. DFlush the cannula hard to clear it

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests
2. BDouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster
3. CAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach
4. DReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin

A nurse looked after a patient for a shift before smear-positive pulmonary TB was diagnosed, without wearing a respirator. What should happen?

1. AStart a full six-month course of TB drugs at once without any tests
2. BStay off work for six months in case symptoms develop
3. CTake no action, as healthcare workers are immune to TB
4. DReport it so occupational health can arrange follow-up screening