정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

How does CPAP help in obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AIt delivers a drug that relaxes the airway muscles overnight
2. BIt removes carbon dioxide through a filter
3. CIt slows the breathing rate during sleep
4. DConstant positive pressure holds the upper airway open

What does the term "apnoea" mean?

1. ABreathlessness on lying flat
2. BCoughing up blood
3. CA breathing rate above normal
4. DA pause or stop in breathing

What does the term "afterload" describe?

1. AThe volume of blood returning to the right atrium each minute
2. BThe time the heart takes to relax after each beat
3. CThe resistance the ventricle must overcome to eject blood
4. DThe stretch of the ventricle before it contracts

A woman with hypertension who takes lisinopril says she is planning a pregnancy. What should the nurse advise?

1. ADiscuss switching medicine with the prescriber before trying to conceive
2. BDouble the dose to protect the baby from high blood pressure
3. CContinue lisinopril, as it is the safest blood pressure drug in pregnancy
4. DStop all blood pressure treatment straight away without telling anyone

Which ECG pattern is typical of acute pericarditis?

1. AST elevation only in leads II, III and aVF with Q waves
2. BTall peaked T waves with a wide QRS
3. CWidespread saddle-shaped ST elevation with PR depression
4. DA sawtooth baseline with a regular ventricular rate

When should an adult with cystic fibrosis take pancreatic enzyme capsules?

1. AWith all meals and snacks that contain fat
2. BOnce a day on waking, at least an hour before any food
3. COnly at bedtime
4. DOnly when they have diarrhoea

A smoker has severe shoulder and arm pain, a drooping eyelid, a small pupil and reduced sweating on the same side of the face. What should be suspected?

1. AA tumour at the apex of the lung (Pancoast tumour)
2. BA simple migraine
3. CA frozen shoulder with referred pain to the face
4. DA stroke affecting the brainstem on the opposite side

A patient with a large pericardial effusion has a systolic pressure that falls by more than 10 mmHg during inspiration. What is this finding called?

1. AA pulse deficit
2. BA collapsing pulse
3. CPulsus paradoxus
4. DPulsus alternans