정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Which valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

1. AThe pulmonary valve
2. BThe tricuspid valve
3. CThe aortic valve
4. DThe mitral valve

최대 호기 유속계(peak flow meter)는 무엇을 측정합니까?

1. A분당 호흡수
2. B혈액의 산소포화도
3. C사람이 불어낼 수 있는 가장 빠른 공기 속도
4. D폐가 담을 수 있는 공기의 총량

심근경색 후 트로포닌 수치는 대략 얼마나 오래 높게 유지될 수 있습니까?

1. A처음 2시간 동안만
2. B흉통이 멈출 때까지만
3. C최대 약 10~14일
4. D약 6개월

A patient is on a short course of oral prednisolone for an asthma exacerbation. Which effect should the nurse monitor for?

1. ALow blood pressure
2. BLow blood sodium
3. CSlow heart rate
4. DRaised blood glucose

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ATake the average of ten blows after exercise
2. BTake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day
3. CBlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
4. DTake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening

How do clopidogrel and ticagrelor work?

1. AThey directly inhibit thrombin in the plasma
2. BThey dissolve fibrin in existing clots
3. CThey block the platelet ADP (P2Y₁₂) receptor
4. DThey inhibit the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver

A patient with small-cell lung cancer becomes confused. Sodium is 122 mmol/L (122 mEq/L) with concentrated urine, and there are no signs of dehydration. What is the most likely cause?

1. ACranial diabetes insipidus from brain metastases
2. BSevere dehydration from poor oral intake
3. CExcess salt in the diet over several weeks
4. DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion

A patient with COPD who is known to retain CO₂ arrives on 15 L/min oxygen. They are now drowsy with SpO₂ 99%. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AKeep the oxygen at 15 L/min because the saturation is excellent
2. BReduce the oxygen to aim for 88–92% and get a blood gas
3. CGive a sedative to help the patient rest
4. DRemove the oxygen completely and observe