정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

What does "myocardial infarction" mean?

1. AInfection of the heart valves
2. BDeath of heart muscle caused by a blocked blood supply
3. CTemporary chest pain with no muscle damage
4. DInflammation of the membrane that surrounds the heart

Which coronary artery mainly supplies the front (anterior) wall of the left ventricle?

1. AThe pulmonary artery
2. BThe left anterior descending artery
3. CThe right coronary artery and its marginal branch
4. DThe circumflex artery only

What does an SpO₂ reading measure?

1. AThe oxygen level in the brain
2. BThe percentage of haemoglobin carrying oxygen
3. CThe amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood
4. DThe total haemoglobin level

Which side effect is particularly common with verapamil?

1. ADry cough
2. BHair loss
3. CDiarrhoea
4. DConstipation

A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
2. BAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
3. CTake a beta-blocker before exercise
4. DExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways

Why is a beta-blocker started at a low dose and increased slowly in heart failure?

1. AIt is safe only at the highest possible dose from the very start
2. BIt can briefly worsen symptoms before long-term benefit appears
3. CIt works only if the dose is never changed after the first day
4. DIt must be stopped as soon as symptoms improve

고혈압이 있는 환자의 혈압이 186/112 mmHg이지만 증상이 없고 장기 손상 징후도 없습니다. 가장 적절한 대응은?

1. A15분 안에 120/80 mmHg에 이르도록 정맥 항고혈압제를 일시 주입한다
2. B심정지 팀을 호출하고 기관 삽관을 준비한다
3. C다시 측정하고 보고하며 몇 시간에서 며칠에 걸친 경구 치료를 예상한다
4. D환자가 괜찮고 증상이 없으므로 아무 조치도 하지 않는다

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests
2. BDouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster
3. CReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin
4. DAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach