정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

What is haemoptysis?

1. ABleeding from the nose that runs into the throat
2. BBlood in the urine
3. CVomiting blood that comes from the stomach
4. DCoughing up blood from the lungs or airways

심부전 환자가 밤에 편하게 숨 쉬려면 베개가 세 개 필요하다고 말합니다. 이 증상의 이름은?

1. A객혈
2. B기좌호흡
3. C서호흡
4. D빈호흡

What is pitting oedema?

1. AA small sore that forms on the shin
2. BSwelling that is hard and does not dent at all when pressed
3. CSwelling that keeps a dent for a while after firm pressure
4. DRedness of the skin that turns white when it is pressed

Why must inspired air be humidified for a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. AThe nose and upper airway, which warm and moisten air, are bypassed
2. BHumidified air contains more oxygen than dry air at the same flow
3. CDry air is needed to stop secretions forming in the trachea
4. DHumidification prevents the cuff from deflating

환자의 혈압이 200/125 mmHg이며 새로 혼돈과 시야 흐림이 생겼습니다. 보통 어떻게 혈압을 낮춥니까?

1. A새 경구 정제를 주고 일주일 뒤 재방문
2. B뇌가 이제 높은 압력에 의존하므로 전혀 낮추지 않음
3. C용량을 조절하는 정맥 약물로 첫 1시간 동안 최대 약 25%까지
4. D몇 분 안에 정상 수치로 최대한 빠르게

A patient on nasal cannula oxygen breathes mainly through the mouth. What is the most accurate statement?

1. AIt has no effect at all in mouth breathers and must be stopped
2. BIt can still work, because oxygen collects in the nasopharynx
3. CThe flow must be increased to 15 L/min to make it work at all
4. DThe cannula should be placed in the mouth

An older patient with three rib fractures is breathing shallowly and refuses to cough because of pain. What is the priority intervention?

1. AEffective analgesia so they can breathe deeply and cough
2. BKeep the patient flat and still in bed until the pain settles
3. CStrap the chest tightly with bandages to stop the ribs moving
4. DWithhold analgesia to avoid depressing breathing

A patient has been on continuous NIV via a full-face mask for two days. Which nursing measure helps prevent the most common complication?

1. ARemove the mask for an hour each time the alarm sounds
2. BUse the same mask size for every patient
3. CTighten the straps as far as they will go to stop any leak
4. DCheck mask fit and protect the bridge of the nose