정답이 있는 내외과: 심혈관계와 호흡기계 학습지

Which pain description is typical of an acute aortic dissection?

1. ACramping calf pain that eases with a short rest
2. BBurning pain after meals that eases with antacids
3. CDull ache that slowly builds over several days
4. DSudden, severe tearing pain that spreads to the back

How is cystic fibrosis inherited?

1. AAutosomal recessive
2. BAutosomal dominant
3. CX-linked recessive
4. DIt is not inherited

What is the classic clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?

1. AA single episode of coughing up blood after a chest infection
2. BA dry cough lasting about one week after a common cold
3. CWheeze and chest tightness that occur only during exercise
4. DA cough with sputum most days for 3 months in 2 years running

A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks to switch from warfarin to apixaban. What is the correct response?

1. AAspirin alone can replace warfarin once the valve has healed
2. BMechanical valves do not need anticoagulation after the first month
3. CAny anticoagulant works equally well once the valve is in place
4. DDirect oral anticoagulants are not used for mechanical valves

A patient with heart failure is comfortable at rest but becomes breathless walking across a room. Which NYHA class fits best?

1. AClass III
2. BClass I
3. CClass IV
4. DClass II

How should a patient breathe in when using a dry powder inhaler?

1. ASeveral times, breathing out into the device between breaths
2. BThrough the nose with the mouthpiece in the mouth
3. CSlowly and gently over about ten seconds
4. DQuickly and deeply, after breathing out away from the device

심방세동으로 와파린을 복용 중인 환자의 INR이 8.5이지만 출혈은 없습니다. 가장 가능성 높은 관리는?

1. A와파린을 보류하고 처방자에게 알리며 곧 INR을 다시 확인한다
2. B프로트롬빈 복합체 농축액과 수혈을 투여한다
3. C역전시키기 위해 즉시 정맥 프로타민 황산염을 투여한다
4. D평소 용량을 계속하고 한 달 뒤 INR을 다시 확인한다

심방세동 환자의 심박수가 165회/분, 혈압 78/45 mmHg이며 흉통과 새로운 혼돈이 있습니다. 간호사가 예상해야 하는 치료는?

1. A경구 비소프롤롤과 아침 재평가
2. B긴급 동기화 전기적 심장율동전환
3. C혈압을 높이기 위한 정맥 아트로핀
4. D심정지처럼 비동기 제세동