정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. AProton pump inhibitors
2. BLow molecular weight heparins
3. CLoop diuretics
4. DNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Which symptom is typical of haemorrhoids?

1. ABright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels
2. BBlack, tarry stools with a strong smell
3. CYellow skin, dark urine and pale stools that float in the toilet
4. DVomiting of dark, coffee-ground material

What does "coffee-ground" vomit usually indicate?

1. ABile coming back from an obstructed small bowel
2. BA side effect of drinking strong coffee
3. CUndigested food from several days ago
4. DBlood that has been partly digested by stomach acid

Which statement about moist wound healing is correct?

1. AA wet wound bed always prevents infection
2. BWounds heal fastest when left to dry out and form a scab
3. CWounds should be soaked in water for hours every day
4. DA moist, not wet, wound bed helps cells move and heal faster

What are anticipatory ("just in case") medicines at the end of life usually prescribed for?

1. AWeight gain and appetite stimulation
2. BInfection prevention and vaccination
3. CPain, nausea, agitation and respiratory secretions
4. DHigh blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes

Which initial treatment is usual for symptomatic hypercalcaemia of malignancy?

1. AOral calcium tablets and vitamin D
2. BFluid restriction and a thiazide diuretic
3. CA high-calcium diet with extra milk
4. DIV fluids followed by an IV bisphosphonate

During bowel preparation, an older patient becomes dizzy and confused. Blood tests show sodium 127 mmol/L. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the rest of the preparation more quickly
2. BRecord it and continue as planned, as this is expected
3. CStop the preparation and escalate to the medical team
4. DEncourage plain water only, as much as possible

A patient's long-standing groin hernia has become tender, red and irreducible, and they are vomiting. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply a hot water bottle and give a laxative
2. BKeep them nil by mouth and arrange urgent surgical review
3. CAdvise the patient to wear a tight truss and rest
4. DPush the hernia firmly back in, then discharge home