정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe nerve damage caused by the tumour
2. BThe new cells formed after treatment
3. CSpread to nearby lymph nodes
4. DThe number of tumours in the body

Why is a feeding tube flushed with water before and after giving medicines?

1. ATo warm the tube so it is more comfortable
2. BTo check that the patient is not thirsty
3. CTo keep it clear and stop drugs mixing with feed
4. DTo clean the stomach before the next meal

장루 주머니는 보통 언제 비워야 합니까?

1. A하루에 한 번, 같은 시간에
2. B위까지 완전히 가득 찼을 때만
3. C3분의 1에서 절반 정도 찼을 때
4. D새기 시작할 때만

PCA 펌프에서 잠금 간격(lockout interval)의 목적은?

1. A주사기를 교체할 수 없도록 펌프를 잠그는 것
2. B환자가 밤에 어떤 용량도 받지 못하게 하는 것
3. C큰 용량 사이에 환자가 하루를 기다리게 하는 것
4. D이전 용량이 작용하기 전에 새 용량이 투여되는 것을 막는 것

Which advice helps a patient with haemorrhoids?

1. AEat less fibre so that stools are smaller
2. BTake a codeine-based painkiller every day
3. CSit on the toilet for long periods to empty fully
4. DEat more fibre, drink enough fluid and avoid straining

When is cold therapy most useful for pain?

1. ADirectly on skin with poor circulation
2. BFor long-term muscle stiffness, applied continuously for several hours
3. CSoon after an acute soft tissue injury, to reduce swelling
4. DOver numb areas where sensation is lost

A patient with a permanent pacemaker is booked for surgery using monopolar diathermy. Why must the team know?

1. APacemakers stop all bleeding during surgery
2. BDiathermy can interfere with the pacemaker's function
3. CThe patient cannot have any anaesthetic at all
4. DThe pacemaker will always be removed during surgery

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. AWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
2. BPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help
3. CSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward
4. DAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time