정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

Which feature is typical of Crohn's disease?

1. AIt affects only the liver and bile ducts
2. BIt can affect any part of the gut, with normal bowel in between
3. CIt affects only the stomach lining and causes ulcers there
4. DIt affects only the rectum and colon, in one continuous stretch

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
2. BThe patient is fully alert and anxious
3. CThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
4. DThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch

Which is the single largest preventable risk factor for cancer?

1. ATobacco smoking
2. BWearing synthetic clothing
3. CDrinking tap water
4. DUsing mobile phones

What is anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy?

1. ANausea caused only by the smell of food
2. BNausea triggered by reminders of treatment before it is given
3. CNausea caused by low blood glucose
4. DNausea that starts about a week after each cycle and lasts for days

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. ACalcium supplements
2. BNon-selective beta-blockers
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DThiazide diuretics

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AStop eating fibre completely
2. BWait until there has been no stool for a week
3. CTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
4. DStart a regular laxative at the same time

During bowel preparation, an older patient becomes dizzy and confused. Blood tests show sodium 127 mmol/L. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the rest of the preparation more quickly
2. BStop the preparation and escalate to the medical team
3. CEncourage plain water only, as much as possible
4. DRecord it and continue as planned, as this is expected

A patient with advanced cancer who has capacity decides to stop chemotherapy. The family insists that treatment must continue. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient that stopping is not allowed
2. BSupport the patient's decision and help the team talk with the family
3. CAsk the family to sign a new consent form
4. DContinue treatment because the family has asked for it