정답이 있는 내외과: 소화기계, 수술 전후, 종양 학습지

Which skin care advice is usual during external beam radiotherapy?

1. AApply a hot water bottle to soothe the area
2. BWash gently with lukewarm water and pat dry
3. CUse perfumed lotions to keep the skin soft
4. DScrub the treated area daily to remove the skin marks

What is adjuvant chemotherapy?

1. ATreatment given before a biopsy is taken
2. BTreatment after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence
3. CTreatment given only to relieve symptoms
4. DTreatment given only to patients who refuse surgery or radiotherapy

What is the first aid for a dry chemical powder on the skin?

1. ARub it in with a wet cloth to spread it thinly over the skin
2. BAdd vinegar to neutralise it at once
3. CBrush off the powder, then irrigate with plenty of water
4. DCover it with a tight dressing and wait

How should a patient with facial burns usually be positioned?

1. AWith the head of the bed raised to reduce swelling
2. BLying flat with the head lower than the feet
3. CIn any position that keeps the face covered
4. DLying face down on the pillow to protect the airway

Why are antimotility drugs such as loperamide avoided in C. difficile infection?

1. AThey make the stool sample test positive falsely
2. BThey cause serious liver failure in most patients who take them
3. CThey kill the normal bowel bacteria
4. DThey may keep toxin in the bowel and risk toxic megacolon

Which statement about pain in older adults is correct?

1. AOlder adults feel less pain because nerves wear out
2. BThey may under-report pain, so active assessment is needed
3. CPain is a normal part of ageing and does not need any treatment at all
4. DOpioids must never be used in people over 70

A patient with a toe ulcer says the leg pain is worse at night and eases when they hang the leg over the side of the bed. What does this suggest?

1. AArterial insufficiency
2. BVenous insufficiency
3. CLymphoedema
4. DNeuropathic itching

After two days of large volumes of IV 5% glucose, a postoperative patient becomes confused with a headache. Sodium is 124 mmol/L. What is the likely cause?

1. ANormal confusion after any anaesthetic
2. BHypoglycaemia from the glucose
3. CHypernatraemia from too much salt
4. DHyponatraemia from hypotonic fluids